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Écrire l'histoire de la Russie : Question de paradigmes occidentaux dans l'historiographie nationale

This article examines the place of Western science in Russian historical scholarship during the era of Reform and Counter Reform. It argues that Russian academics readily drew upon current Western trends (from Comtean positivism and Marxism to neo-Kantianism) in order to deepen their analyses of the national past. At the same time, however, scholars were acutely aware of the socio-political and ideological implications of historical knowledge. The upshot was that, in their work as 'popularizers', they tended to perpetuate the essentially 'historiosophical' debate between Slavophiles and Westernizers that had dominated Russian intellectual culture in the Age of Nicholas I.