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A new imaging method for assessment of aortic dissection using four-dimensional phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging

This manuscript describes the application of 3D MRI phase contrast flow to define and study aortic dissection, which carries a high mortality. The 3D flow MR sequence was validated in a custom-built, physiological flow-phantom and clinically against standard 2D sequences. Blood flow in the false lumen was multidirectional and complex, and the rate of rotation of the helical flow was related to the rate of aortic expansion. The study demonstrates the potential of 3D flow patterns to risk stratify patients and guide surgical treatment and has been incorporated into local routine clinical practice.