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Free-Spanning Submarine Pipeline Response to Severe Ground Excitations: Water-Pipeline Interactions

The integrity of oil and gas, free-spanning, submarine pipelines subjected to earthquake forces is of overriding importance in preventing environmental pollution. This paper deals with the pipe/water interactions occurring under severe ground excitations, which have been simulated using added mass and acoustic finite element models. Results on the response to both earthquakes and harmonic excitations are significant for companies like Intecsea (andrew.low@intecsea.com), showing that simplified added mass design methods are conservative when compared with the behaviour obtained from the acoustic models. Use of the latter would increase the design envelope, which is crucial in future applications.