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Migration und Herrschaftsverdichtung: Ökonomische Voraussetzungen konfessionell bedingter Untertanenmobilität in den Ländern der Habsburgermonarchie, 1680-1780

published in: Joachim Bahlcke (ed.), Glaubensfluechtlinge. Ursachen, Formen und Auswirkungen konfessioneller Migration im fruehneuzeitlichen Europa. Series title: Religions- und Kulturgeschichte Ostmittel- und Suedosteuropas, vol. 4)

The article examines the relationship between Austrian religious policy, migration, economic development and 'social discipline'. It shows that the Counter-Reformation policies initiated in the seventeenth century continued into the eighteenth. Protestants were transported to the eastern Habsburg dominions and subject to other restrictions. However, these policies had limited success. Migrant, seasonal labour, particularly in the mining and timber industries, was difficult to control. The transmigration policy soured noble-peasant relations and risked disrupting the agrarian economy. By the last third of the eighteenth century it was proto-industrialisation rather than religious policies that was shaping mobility and migration.