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Ultrafast and Ultrahigh-Resolution Interrogation of a Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor based on Interferometric Temporal Spectroscopy

Real-time diagnostics of fast-vibrating objects relies on high-speed sensing systems. This paper reports a novel ultrafast fiber sensor interrogator that achieves nearly 50 MHz update rates - 500 times faster than conventional state-of-the-art spectroscopic measurement techniques. Moreover, interferometric temporal spectroscopy was developed for the first time, which eliminated the fundamental trade-off between the interrogation speed and resolution, and achieved a high resolution of 0.6 pm. This work has attracted interest from industry and facilitated follow on collaboration with TeraXion Inc. (Dr. Michael Poulin, mpoulin@teraxion.com). Their phase-shifted fiber Bragg gratings have been used to build widely tunable ultra-narrowband microwave photonic filters.