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3D Undersampled Golden-Radial Phase Encoding for DCE-MRA Using Inherently Regularized Iterative SENSE

A major limitation of dynamic contrast-enhanced MR angiography (DCE-MRA) is the requirement of unachievable simultaneous high spatial and temporal resolution. Current methods set the trade-off between these parameters prior to acquisition. This is not optimal since the required temporal resolution varies during contrast uptake. This work proposes a novel approach that allows flexible retrospective adaptation of the sampling per time frame to optimally capture the DCE-MRA process. Tests on intracranial DCE-MRA provided both depiction of small vessels and distinction of different temporal phases. The approach has since become a favoured method, adopted by other groups working in this field.