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Aragonite in olivine from Calatrava, Spain--Evidence for mantle carbonatite melts from >100 km depth

Carbonatites form the Earth's most rare and exotic volcanoes. Unlike practically all other volcanic rocks on Earth, they are made of carbonate. The paper gives the deepest ever evidence for the depth of origin of carbonatite magmas. It places their depth of origin closer to that of kimberlites and diamonds, both of which can have carbonate components or inclusions. The University of Bristol is now continuing with the study of these carbonatite volcanoes with another PhD project (M. Walter, supervisor), and there are two further PhD projects at the Universita G. d’Annunzio, Italy (F. Stoppa, G. Rosatelli supervisors).