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Diamagnetic levitation enhances growth of liquid bacterial cultures by increasing oxygen availability

The project was performed in collaboration with Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Madrid and The Dutch Experiment Support Centre and was mentored by Prof Andre Geim, (Nobel Physics Laureate 2010). Via the novel use of diamagnetism, this paper launched a new approach in ground-simulation research of complex organisms for space-related studies. The work was funded by the EPSRC (GR/S83005/01, £1.23M) together with the Spanish Science and Innovation Ministry (AYA2009-07792-E). The research groups at Nottingham and Madrid built on these results and in subsequent papers by Herranz demonstrated evolutionary changes in the gene expression of organisms exposed to novel, extreme environments.