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An energetic model for the direct formation and evolution of nanorings

Quantum dots have been the subject of over 100,000 papers. They are typically assumed to be minimum energy structures. However, this paper shows for the first time that the formation of quantum rings is actually energetically preferable to quantum dots. Quantum rings have novel optical and magnetic properties which can be utilised in low-cost high-performance electronic, spintronic, optoelectronic and information processing devices. This paper has only recently appeared, but this new model demonstrates that there is a viable route for producing quantum nanorings in a wider range of materials systems than currently considered.