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A comparison of the role of two blue-green algae in THM and HAA formation.

Regulators require water utilities to minimise formation of potentially hazardous disinfection by-products (DBPs) during drinking water treatment, but little is known about types and significance of precursor materials, particularly algae. Paper describes the first systematic evaluation of two common algal species as contributors to formation of two important DBP groups, funded by EPSRC, Defra-DWI and Anglian Water. Results describing their importance and key formation parameters were presented (by invitation) at a specialist UK workshop on DBPs (Cranfield, 2008). Research was part of a wider study of HAA formation that stimulated subsequent national surveys of HAA occurrence by Defra-DWI (2009-11) (Peter.Marsden@defra.gsi.gov.uk).