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Renal vascular inflammation induced by Western diet in ApoE-null mice quantified by F-19 NMR of VCAM-1 targeted nanobeacons

Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (VCAM-1) expression is a key inflammatory biomarker in numerous diseases, including atherosclerosis, diabetes, asthma, multiple sclerosis, Crohn’s and Hodgkin’s disease. It would be desirable to visualise VCAM-1 expression for early diagnosis and disease characterisation. In this paper, we demonstrate for the first time the use of a novel targeted perfluorocarbon-cored lipid nanoparticle for in vivo imaging of VCAM-1 by 19F-NMR, which has the advantage of zero background signal and capacity for simultaneous chemical shift imaging of different nanoparticle subtypes. This class of nanoparticles has the potential advantage of providing imaging contrast and therapeutic drug delivery.