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From peace to freedom: Quaker rhetoric and the birth of American antislavery 1657-1761

An earlier draft of a small portion (7000 words) of Chapter 1 appeared as an article in 2007. The monograph chapter is substantially revised and develops the argument in more than twice the number of pages (15,000 words)

Research for From Peace to Freedom required the collection and analysis of extensive primary and secondary sources which in many cases were difficult to access. Research included reading manuscript minutes, for monthly Quaker meetings, that spanned almost two centuries. Unique copies of these minutes are held in London and Philadelphia. The author consulted other printed and manuscript sources available only in Philadelphia and Barbados. Electronic versions of these sources are not generally available and several extended research trips were required, including a year at the University of Pennsylvania and several shorter visits to the United States and Barbados.