Output details

Graphic and haptic simulation system for virtual laparoscopic rectum surgery

Originality - This work, which is a part of the Augery project (see REF5), demonstrates the design of a complex simulator which combines a modern graphic display and haptic (force feedback) interaction to provide a practical virtual surgery training system. It offers a cost-effective solution complementary to traditional medical training, where trainees can sharpen their skills in laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer treatment.

We present a number of technical innovations, including modelling from MRI images and real operation videos, a haptic force filter offering realistic and smooth feedback, fast computation of soft tissue deformation, efficient collision handling and real-time cutting. These help to improve the quality of images and the realism of the user experience.

Rigour - The development is in partnership with a team of experienced surgeons from both Poole and Bournemouth hospitals. The theoretical algorithms supporting this system are formulated based on proven mathematical principles. All the modules in the system have been tested separately with careful designed cases to consider various conditions in real surgery operations. Our system has been tested by consultant surgeons who believed that the simulated haptic and visual feedback was realistic.

Significance - In the UK alone nearly 40,000 bowel cancer cases are diagnosed every year. Currently there is no effective way of training surgeons other than the apprentice model whereby the trainees gain their skills in real operations. Our research provides a safer and more cost-effective environment for training in this complex surgical procedure reducing costs and saves lives. In addition, our theoretical findings lay a foundation for other medical simulations where large deformations and complex conditions are involved. Augery is partly funded by NHS Bournemouth Trust (£25,000, Zhang).